He is also currently adjunct Associate Professor of Adult Education at Teachers College Columbia University, New York (2016 - ).

Previously Associate Professor of Adult Education and Head of Department at Maynooth University Ireland and Associate Dean of the Faculty of Social Sciences.

Formerly a Senator on the Senate of the National University of Ireland.

Consulting or Associate Editor:
Journal of Transformative Education;
Adult Education: Critical Issues; 
Awarded a B.Sc. (MU) and a B.D. before earning M.A & Ed.D. at Teachers College, Columbia University New York with Jack Mezirow.

Also studied with Paulo Freire in Boston.

Received the 'Jack Mezirow Living Theory of Transformative Learning Award' (2014) for an  'original contribution to the development of the theory of learning' - writing on the critical theory of Axel Honneth. Link to paper.  In 2016 delivered the inaugural Mezirow Memorial Lecture at Columbia University. Link to paper 

Qualified skipper 'ISA Yachtmaster Offshore' & Certified Radio Operator

Homepage:   https://www.tc.columbia.edu/faculty/ejf2129/

Link to Research Gate:
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ted-Fleming-2/research


PUBLICATIONS (in Press)

Fleming, T. (in press, 2014). Foreword. Tom Hamill

PUBLISHED

2024

Kokkos, A. & Fleming, T. (2024). Toward a pedagogy of critical and
social imagination: The arts and transformative learning. 
Journal of Transformative Education, 22(4), pp. 397-414.
https://doi.org/10.1177/15413446241255908

Fleming, T. (2024). The sociological imagination and
transformation theory: A tribute to Oskar Negt. In L. Fabbri, M. Fedeli,
P. Faller, D. Holt, & A. Romano, (Eds.), (2024). Proceedings of the
XV Biennial International Transformative Learning Conference
(pp. 365-371). University of Siena, Italy. Click for link to paper

Fleming, T. (in press, 2024). Radicalization and transformative learning:
Explored through Honneth's theory of recognition.
Journal of Transformative Education.

Fleming, T. (2024). Work and the Socio-Economic Structure
of Ireland: Toward a Critical Work Theory.  In V. Wang (Ed.),
Working and Society, (pp. 179-200). Kendall Hunt

Fleming, T. (2024). Let's talk about adult and further education: Teaching for democracy, social justice and the joy of learning. Paper at  Tipperary Education and Training Board Seminar for adult educators, Thurles, August, 23.

Fleming, T. (2024). The evolving landscape of learning theories:
Foreword. In V. Wang The Theory and Practice of Adult Education,
(p. xi). Kendall Hunt.

Fleming, T. (in press 2024). Exploring 'Recognition' in the Recognition of
Prior Learning: Democracy, Freedom and the RPL.  PLAIO: International Journal of Theory, Research and Practice in Prior Learning Assessment at Empire State University, New York.

Fleming, T. (2024). Foreword. In Wang, Kaiser, & Mitchell. Educational Leadership and Organizational Management: Bridging Theory and Practice (pp. iii-iv). Dubuque, IA: Kendall Hall. ISBN 9798765796191

Fleming, T. (in press, 2024) Toward a transformative pedagogy of crisis
and experience. In L. Paulos, B. Merrill, S. Valdes, A. Galimberti, &
A. Fragoso, (Eds.), Adult education in times of crisis and change:
Perspectives on access, learning careers and identities, (pp. 17-31).
Faro: University of the Algarve.

Fleming, T. (2024). A Sociological Imagination: The Neglected Concept
in Transformation Theory. Adult Education Critical Issues, 4(1), 21–25.
https://doi.org/10.12681/haea.35922

Fleming, T. (2024). Literacy for Today and Tomorrow: Read the World
and Write History. Keynote at Literacy Development Centre
Conference on Adult Education and Empowerment at
Technological University of the South East, Waterford, May 16.
Full paper - click here

Fleming, T. (2024). Democracy and VPL: Toward a 6-P Model of APL.
Opening keynote at 5th Biennale of the Validation of Prior Learning
Consortium hosted by QQI, Ireland, Canada and USA on
People, Validation and Power: Democracy in Action,
Kilkenny, May 7.

Fleming, T. (2024). Adult learning and experience of crises: Interrogating critical theory, democracy, and citizenship education. In A. Antonarakou, A. Tsiboukli, & K. Tsolis (Eds.), Διά Βίου Μάθηση και Εκπαίδευση Ενηλίκων την Εποχή της Αβεβαιότητας: Δρόμοι για την Κοινωνική Ένταξη και την Κοινωνική Συνοχή, (pp. 28-37). Athens: National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. ISBN 978-960-466-332-3.
Fleming_Paper.pdf

Fleming, T. (2024). Experience and sociological imagination:
Transforming the researcher’s learner identity. European Journal for
Research on the Education and Learning of Adults, 15(1), 13–26.
https://doi.org/10.3384/rela.2000-7426.4841

Fleming, T. (2024). 'Broken systems break people: The personal
and political implications of recognition in the workplace'.
Responder with Janet Ferguson & Peter Sawchuck at
George Washington University Seminar Series: Broken Systems
under Repair: Cultivating a moral economy through essential
workers informal learning. January 31. Screenshot__78_.png

2023

Fleming, T. (2023). New directions for the theory of transformative learning: Can it be a critical pedagogy for world crises?. Paper read at Teachers College Columbia University October 24. Click here for link
to Powerpoint slides

Fleming, T. (2023). Transformative Learning: The only game in town
in an era of change and existential crises. Invited keynote at the
8th Congress of the Hellenic Association for Adult Education
- Learning and Change, September 30. Athens.

Fleming, T. (2023). Discourses, dialogue and diversity in biographical
research: An ecology of life and learning.
International Review of Education, 69, 737-741.
https//doi.org/10.1007/s11159-023-10036-8  
Click this link to paper


Finnegan, F. & Fleming, T. (2023). Adult education and critical
democratic citizenship: Revisiting key concepts in a time of crisis.
In T. Mabrey, T. Hoggan-Kloubert, & C. Hoggan, (Eds.), Civic
Education Across Ever-Changing Societies: Transforming lives, cultures, and nation-states, (pp. 19-44). East Lansing, MI: Michigan State
University Press.

Fleming, T. (2023). Transformative learning and experience: Fostering
new learning links between the personal and political.
International Journal of Adult Education and Technology, 14(1), 1-13.
https://doi.org/10.4018/IJAET.324930Transformative Learning and Experience

Fleming, T. (2023). Education and democracy: The public sphere
reclaimed for educational study. In M. Pulsford, R. Morris and R. Purves (Eds.), Understanding Education Studies: Critical Issues and New Directions (pp. 105-111). London: Routledge.
DOI: 10.4324/9781003296935-17
Click for copy of Chapter on Google Books

Fleming, T. (2023). Bridges and Fault lines in Freire’s Pedagogy and
Mezirow's Transformation Theory: Hegel, Theology and Teaching Adults.
Paper read at Hellenic Adult Education Conference/Webinar, Athens, Greece January 11, 2023.   Link to paper

Fleming, T. (2023). Adult learning and experience of crises: Interrogating critical theory, democracy, and citizenship education. Invited keynote at 1st International Conference Lifelong Learning and Adult Education in the Age of Uncertainty: at National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, March 30. Click for text of Keynote Speaking Notes
Click for Powerpoint presentation

Fleming, T. (2023). Recognition and the critical theory of Axel Honneth: Implications for adult education and transformative learning. Webinar hosted by the Hellenic Adult Education Association, Athens
May 3.  Click here for Powerpoint slides


2022

Fleming, T. (2022). Mezirow's theory of transformative learning and Freire's pedagogy: Theories in dialogue. Adult Education: Critical Issues 2(2), 7-19.
Fleming, T. (2022). The importance of networking and synergies for the prosperity and sustainability of the city. Paper read at the Larissa Learning City Stakeholders Conference Action Plan for 2023, October 25 in the Auditorium of the Municipal Art Gallery.

Fleming, T. (2022). Toward a critical and transformative pedagogy of
crisis in a digital age: Insights from Oskar Negt.
Keynote paper at European Society for Research on Education
of Adults (ESREA) Conference Adult Education in times of crises
and change, University of the Algarve, Faro, Portugal July 14-16.


Fleming, T. (2022). Democracy and citizenship. Paper read at Roundtable with Katarina Popovic, Dimitris Deligiannis and Costas Lamproulis during Larissa (Greece) Global Learning Festival. Chairperson: Olga Tsiourva, November 7. Organized by Melton City Council and Wyndham City Council, Australia. https://globallearningfestival.com/
https://www.facebook.com/photo?fbid=511196047715100&set=pcb.511196311048407
also movie showing Classical Greek drama and democracy:
ttps://www.facebook.com/learninglarissa2016/videos/1860916050921588

Fleming, T. (with Eschenbacher, S.) (2022). Toward a Pedagogy of Trauma: Experiences of Paramedics and Firefighters in a COVID Era and Opportunities for Transformative Learning. Education Sciences, 12(10), 655. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12100655

Fleming, T. (2022). Transforming Everyday Experience: Transformative
Learning, Disorienting Dilemmas and Honneth’s Theory of Recognition.
Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 52( 4), 563– 578.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jtsb.12355

Deligiannis, D., Kokkos, A., & Fleming,T, (2022). Larissa – Learning City: From Local Learning to Global Actions, Adult Education: Critical Issues, 2(1), 23-35.  Link to Journal and article

Fleming T. (2022). Views on experience and crisis
in researching work and learning. In S. Eschenbacher, T. Fleming, P. Sawchuk, & H. Salling Olesen,  A Dialogue across Traditions of Theorizing Learning. Papers published in Sawchuk, P.H., & Mirchandani, K. (2022). Work, Learning & Social Change. Collected Papers of the 12th Researching Work and Learning (RWL12) Conference, (pp. 426-431). Toronto: Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto. All_Roundtable_papers.pdf

Fleming, T. (2022). Mezirow’s Theory of Transformative Learning: In Dialogue with Honneth’s Critical Theory. In E. Kostara,
A. Gavrielatos & D. Loads (Eds.), Transformative Learning
Theory & Praxis (pp. 4 - 14). London: Routledge.
DOI: 10.4324/9780429450600-2

Fleming T. (2022) Transformative Learning and Critical Theory: Making Connections with Habermas, Honneth, and Negt. In A. Nicolaides, S. Eschenbacher, P.T. Buergelt, Y. Gilpin-Jackson, M. Welch, & M. Misawa, (Eds.), The Palgrave Handbook of Learning for Transformation
(pp. 25-43). New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84694-7_2

Fleming, T. (2022). The Experience of Transformation: The Transformation of Experience. Keynote address at 14th Biennial International Transformative Learning Conference - co-hosted by Michigan State University & Grand Rapids Community College. Fleming Keynote

Fleming, T. (2022). Mezirow's theory of transformative learning
and critical theory: Oskar Negt and his reconstruction of experience. Paper at the 14th Biennial International Transformative Learning Conference at Michigan State University, East Lansing Michigan, April 7. Final_copy_Paper

Fleming, T. (2022). Mezirow’s Theory of Transformative Learning and Freire’s Pedagogy: Theories in Dialogue. Paper for webinar hosted by the International Transformative Learning Association, with A. Kokkos, Greece, C. Melacarne, Italy and José Eustáquio Romão, Brazil. Speaking Notes

Fleming, T. (2022). Recognition and Democracy. Paper at The Institute of Civic Studies and Learning for Democracy Summer School at joint University of Augsburg, North Carolina State University and Deutch-Ukrainischer Dialog e.V . Funded by US State Department and German Government's Foreign Affairs programme Demokratie Leben.

2021

Fleming, T. (2021). Dancing with Minds (trans. Πηνελόπη Μπόζνου/Pinelopi Bozuou)
News, Trands and Proposals in Adult Education - Newsletter of the
Hellenic Adult Education Association, p. 8. English Translation

Fleming, T. (2021). Εκπάίσευδη Ένηλίκων Χορευοντάς με τον νου, (trans. Πηνελόπη Μπόζνου). ΝΕΑ, ΤΑΣΕΙΣ ΚΑΙ ΠΡΟΤΑΣΕΙΣ ΣΤΗΝ  ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΣΗ ΕΝΗΛΙΚΩΝ (p. 8). Αθήνα: Επιστημονική Ένωση Εκπαίδευσης Ενηλίκων (EEEE).

Fleming, T. (2021). Paulo Freire Remembered: Biography, theory and
Teaching. Paper at Maynooth University Centre for Research in Adult Learning and Education Conference: Making Hope Practical: A Dialogue on Freire. In collaboration with ESREA, November 16, 2021.

Deligiannis, D., Tsiougou, K., Goutha, V., Moutselos, A. &
Fleming, T. (2021). Citizenship Education for democratic and sustainable communities. UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning, the City of Larissa and the City of Yeonsu-Gu. Click for Link

Δεληγιάννης, Δ., Τσιούγκου, Κ., Γκούθα και, B. Μουτσέλος, Α. και T. Fleming, (2021). Εκπαίδευση στην Ενεργό ΠΟΛΙΤΕΙΟΤΗΤΑ
για Δημοκρατικές και Βιώσιμες Κοινότητες. Ινστιτούτου Διά Βίου.
Μάθησης της UNESCO, τις πόλεις της Λάρισας και της Yeonsu-gu.
Link to Book

드미트리 델리야니스, 클레오니키 뜨시우구, 비키 고타, 안토니스 무셀로스 -
서론 저자: 테드 플레밍 (2021). 시민성 교육.  유네스코  평생학습연구소, , 라리사시, 연수구의   Link to book

Fleming, T. (2021). Recognition: Changing the Approach to Mental Health
through Active Inclusion in Further Education and Training. Keynote address at the Education and Training Board of Ireland Conference Showcasing Active Inclusion Practice across Education and Training Boards. Dublin November 18, 2021.Link to paper

Fleming, T. (2021). Democracy brings History and Hope together through Learning and Education. A paper at Roundtable during Conference on 200 Years of the Greek Revolution: Democracy
yesterday, today and tomorrow. Theme: Larissa, the Commune of Thessaly, the Greek Revolution and the Challenges of Democracy
today in a time of Crises, November 13, 2021. Link to paper

Fleming, T. (2021) Resilience: A Learning Project for a Learning City. Paper at Roundtable on The contribution of Education to the formation of a Healthy and Sustainable City in the post-COVID era at 7th International Conference for the Promotion of Educational Innovation, of EEPEK, University of  Thessaly, Larissa. October 16 
Link to Paper


Fleming,T. (& S.Eschenbcher) (2021). Toward a Critical Pedagogy of Crisis. European Journal for Research on the Education and Learning
of Adults (RELA), 12(3), 295 - 309. 
DOI   10.3384/rela.2000-7426.3337
Link to RELA Journal copy

Fleming, T. (2021). Models of Lifelong Learning: An overview.
In M. London (Ed). Oxford Handbook of Lifelong Learning,
2nd edition, (pp. 1-26). New York: Oxford University Press.  
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197506707.013.3     

Fleming, T. (2021). Learners as leaders, leaders as learners:
Education for active citizenship and social change.  Paper at Learners as Leaders: Developing Democracy through  Change-oriented Community Education in Ireland Conference  during AONTAS Adult Learners' Festival 2021, Link to paper  


Fleming, T. (2021). Toward a critical theory of transformative learning:
Learning from Oskar Negt. International Journal of Adult Education 
and Technology, 12(1), pp. 1-16.  DOI: 10.4018/IJAET.2021010101
Link to Sample

Fleming, T. (2021). Foreword. In B.L. Leaver, D. Davidson & C.
Campbell Transformative Language Learning and Teaching,
(pp. xxii-xxiii).  Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. 
DOI: 10.1017/9781108870788 Link to Foreword


Fleming, T. (2021). We survived Covid, now what?
The Place of Adult Education in an era of Long Covid. Paper at National College of Ireland Festival of Education Beyond the Covid Recovery: New Challenges for Education and Lifelong Learning, June 2021. Link to Powerpoint


2020

Fleming, T. (2020). Youth, Democracy and Education: Well-being for all in a Time of Crises. Keynote at UNESCO Learning Cities Conference Strengthening Citizenship Education at Local Level with Larissa (Greece) and Yeonsu-gu (Republic of Korea). November 13. Link to paper Link to Conference paper on YouTube

Eschenbacher, S., & Fleming, T. (2020). Transformative Dimensions of Lifelong Learning: Mezirow, Rorty and Covid-19. International Review of Education: Journal of Lifelong Learning. 66(5), 657-672.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11159-020-09859-6  Full text in pdf

Fleming, T. (2020). Foreword. In A. Kokkos, (Ed.), Expanding Transformation Theory: Affinities between Jack Mezirow and Emancipatory Educationalists (pp.xii - xvi). London: Routledge.
Link to Foreword

Fleming, T. (2020). Jürgen Habermas (1929- ): The importance of
higher education for democracy. In R. Barnett & A. Fulford (Eds.), Philosophers on the University: Debating Higher Education. (pp. 191- 203). Heidleberg: Springer. http://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31061-5_15


2019

Fleming, T., Kokkos, A. & Finnegan, F. (2019). European Perspectives
on Transformation Theory. London: Palgrave Macmillan. Link to Amazon

Fleming, T. (2019). Student Voice in Adult and Further Education:
A Charter for Listening, Speaking and Responding.
Paper at National Adult Education Association (AONTAS) Lifelong Learning Summit, Dublin November 18.Copy of paper

Fleming, T. (2019). Ár dTír Féin [Our Own Country]: The skills we need
for the future. In A. Lajoie, G. Irvine & S. Cohen (Eds.). 
Ensuring Good Future Jobs: A collection of essays (pp. 56-59).
Dublin: TASC & Dunfermline: Carnegie UK Trust.
Link to essay

Fleming, T. (April 2019). Landscapes of Learning: Maps, Roadsigns
and other Allies on a Research Adventure. Keynote at
ESREA/University of Milan-Bicocca Spring School at Lake Como
School of Advanced Studies, Como, Italy. Theme: Lifelong
Learning and Social Justice: Dilemmas of Complexity in Researching Contemporary Adult Education. Link to Paper

Fleming, T. (2019). Working with Adults: Challenges and Possibilities for Further Education. Keynote at Donegal Education and Training Board Conference on Social Inclusion. Letterkenny Donegal
September 27, 2019. Speaking Notes

2018
Fleming, T. (2018). Προσθέτωντας ζωή στα χρόνια μας: Μετασχηματίζουσα Μάθηση για Ηλικιωμένους στο Ιρλανδικό Μουσείο Μοντέρνας Τέχνης, του (translated by Πηνελόπη Μπόζνου - Pinelopi Bozou). Hellenic Journal Adult Education.
42, 54-63. Link to paper

Fleming, T. (2018). Education as a Public Good. Paper presented at the  Irish Adult Education Officers Association Annual Conference Portlaoise, November 29. Link to paper

Fleming, T. (2018). Democracy in times of crises. Course taught at
the Citizens' University Municipality of Larissa, Greece October 14.

Fleming, T. (2018). Education, Critical Thinking and
Imagination. Paper presented at Roundtable at the
4th International Conference on Innovation in Education at the University of Thessaly Medical University, Larissa, Greece, October.

Fleming, T. (2018). Attachment Theory and Transformative Learning:
Rethinking the Origins of Meaning Making. In M. Welch, V. Marsick &
D.Hope (Eds.), Building transformative community: Proceedings of the
XII Transformative Learning Conference (pp. 288-294). New York: Teachers College Columbia University. Link to paper

Fleming, T. (2018). Teaching for critical and transformative learning.
Paper at 1st Summer School: Building a Learning City, Larissa Greece.
Sponsored by Larissa City Council, Hellenic Open University,
Hellenic Adult Education Association and UNESCO.
(June 2018). 

Fleming, T. (2018). The Learning City: Questions from Citizens about Learning, Teaching and Education in a Democracy.
Paper presented at Larissa Conference at the Citizens University
of Larissa, Greece, (June 2018).  Link to speaking notes

Fleming, T. (2018).Critical theory and transformative learning:
Rethinking the radical intent of Mezirow's theory.
International Journal of Adult Vocational Education and
Technology, 9(3), 1-13.Link to sample of journal article

Fleming, T. (2018). Mezirow and the Theory of Transformative
Learning. In V. Wang, (Ed.), Critical Theory and Transformative Learning, (pp. 120-136). Hershey, PA: IGI Global.
Click here for Chapter

Fleming, T. (2018). Learning Careers and Transformative Learning:
Challenges of Learning and Work in neoliberal Spaces. In B. Merrill, A. Galimberti, A. Nizinska and J. Gonzalez Monteaugudo (Eds.), Continuity and Discontinuity in Learning Careers: Potentials for a Learning Space in a Changing World (pp. 19-34).  Leiden NL & Boston: BRILL/SENSE. 
Sample Chapter 1

2017
Fleming, T. (2017). Celebrating Learning. Presentation of Certificates and Awards at Henrietta Adult and Community Education, June 27th.

Fleming, T. (2017). Transformative learning and higher education:
Making critical theory useful. Invited paper at University of Edinburgh, Institute of Academic Development Conference (April). Link to paper

Fleming, T. (2017). Social Care Education: Where culture, politics and psychology Collide. Invited keynote at Carlow College Conference Celebrating 20-Years of Department of Social Care, Carlow (March).

Fleming, T., Finnegan, F. & Loxley, A. (2017). Access and Participation in Irish Higher Education. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

Fleming, T. (2017). The Joy of Learning. Invited paper at City of Dublin Local Education and Training Board Seminar for AONTAS Adult Learning Festival (March).

2016
Fleming, T. (2016). No Democracy without Education: Training, Education and the FE Training Strategy. Paper delivered at the Limerick Clare Education and training Board Conference on
Further Education Dromoland, Co Clare (December).

Fleming, T. (2016). Dancing Minds: Mezirow and Habermas
meet Honneth. In Fleming, T., Marsick, V., Kasl, E. and Rose, A.
Dancing at the Crossroads: Recollections and Reflections on Jack Mezirow’s Early Work. Symposium paper at the XII International Transformative Learning Conference, Pacific Lutheran University, Tacoma, WA, USA. In A. Nicolaides & D. Holt (Eds.). (2016). Engaging at the Intersections (pp. 87-99). Proceedings of the XII International Transformative Learning Conference: Tacoma, WA: Pacific Lutheran University. Link to papers

Fleming, T. (October, 2016). There is no democracy without education: Transforming cities through learning and adult education. Keynote paper at the 2nd Larissa Learning City International Conference - Seeking Common Actions in a Period of Crisis, Larissa, Greece, October 14-15. Link to Larissa site on Facebook

Fleming, T. (October, 2016). Recognition and Community Education. Presentation to the AONTAS Community Education Network, Dublin.

Fleming, T. (September 2016). Freire, critical theory and Ireland.
Paper delivered in response to Antonia Darder, keynote 'Paulo Freire
and the politics of literacy: The struggle for a revolutionary praxis of
adult education' at the 8^th Triennial European Society for Research in the Education of Adults Conference (ESREA) at Maynooth University (September 2016). Link to paper

Fleming, T. (October, 2016). Recognition of Learning - Learning to Recognise. Speech at Awarding of Special Purpose Certificates and Diplomas by Carlow Institute of Technology and An Cosán Virtual Learning Community College.

Fleming, T. (2016). Poverty and adult education. Paper read at United Nations International Day against Poverty Conference at An Cosán, Tallaght, Dublin (September 2016).
Link to paper

Fleming, T. (June 2016). Paulo Freire and Jack Mezirow: Adult education theories in dialogue. Panel paper at the ESREA 2nd International Transformative Learning Conference
The Role, Nature and Difficulties of Dialogue in Transformative Learning, Athens.

Fleming, T. (2016). Rethinking the critical theory influences on transformative learning: In dialogue with Honneth. Paper presented at the ESREA 2nd International Transformative Learning Conference: The Role, Nature and Difficulties of Dialogue in Transformative Learning, Athens.  Link to paper

Fleming, T. (June 6, 2016). Toward a living Theory of Transformative Learning: Going beyond Mezirow and Habermas to Honneth. This is the text of the 1^st Mezirow Memorial Lecture at Columbia University Teachers College sponsored by AEGIS IXX, the Department of Organization and Leadership and the Office of Alumni Relations at Teachers College.  You Tube version. Link to paper

Fleming, T. (2016). The labour market and further education: An ally? Paper at Conference of The Further Education and Training Forum at the National College of Ireland. Link to paper